Benzene CAS 71-43-2

Product Description:

Benzene (C₆H₆) is a widely used aromatic hydrocarbon with a colorless, highly flammable liquid form and a sweet odor. It is an essential raw material in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of polymers, synthetic fibers, rubber, and various other chemicals. Benzene is a building block for a variety of derivatives like styrene, phenol, cyclohexane, and other industrial chemicals.

Chemical Properties:

• Chemical Formula: C₆H₆

• Molecular Weight: 78.11 g/mol

• CAS Number: 71-43-2

• IUPAC Name: Benzene

• Synonyms: Benzol, Phenyl Hydride, Cyclohexatriene

• Boiling Point: 80.1°C

• Melting Point: 5.5°C

• Density: 0.879 g/cm³ at 20°C

• Vapor Pressure: 12.8 mmHg at 20°C

• Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents like alcohol, ether, and chloroform

• Flash Point: -11°C (10°F) (closed cup)

• Appearance: Colorless liquid with a sweet odor

• Refractive Index: 1.501 at 20°C

• Viscosity: 0.65 cP at 25°C

• Evaporation Rate: 4.4 (butyl acetate = 1)

Physical Properties:

Chemical Reactions:

Benzene is highly stable, but it reacts under specific conditions, such as high temperatures or the presence of catalysts. Common reactions include:

1. Electrophilic Substitution Reactions:

• Halogenation: Benzene reacts with halogens like chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (FeCl₃, AlCl₃).

• Nitration: Reaction with concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to form nitrobenzene.

• Sulfonation: Reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to form benzene sulfonic acid.

• Benzene is used in polymerization reactions to form various plastics and synthetic rubbers like polystyrene and synthetic rubber.

Applications of Benzene:

1. Chemical Manufacturing:

• Styrene Production: Benzene is the precursor to styrene, used in the production of polystyrene, ABS plastic, and synthetic rubber.

• Phenol Production: Benzene is also used in the production of phenol, which is a key ingredient in plastics, resins, and adhesives.

• Cyclohexane: Used in the production of nylon and other synthetic fibers.

• Caprolactam: Benzene is a raw material for the manufacture of caprolactam, which is used in nylon-6 production.

• Due to its solvent properties, benzene is widely used in laboratories and industries for dissolving oils, resins, and other substances. However, its use as a solvent is being phased out in favor of less toxic alternatives due to its carcinogenic nature.

• Benzene is used in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical products and intermediates.

• Benzene is used in the production of synthetic rubber (butadiene), which is used in tires and other rubber products.

• Used as a solvent in the formulation of paints, coatings, varnishes, and lacquers.

Health and Safety Considerations:

Benzene is classified as a carcinogen by various health organizations, including the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Long-term exposure can lead to severe health risks, including leukemia, bone marrow suppression, and other health complications. Proper protective measures should be taken when handling benzene, such as:

• Wearing gloves and protective clothing

• Using proper ventilation systems

• Avoiding direct inhalation of vapors

Packaging and Storage:

• Packaging: Benzene is typically packaged in steel drums or bulk containers (ISO tanks or tanker trucks) depending on the volume and client requirements.

• Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Keep in tightly sealed containers and store away from oxidizing agents, acids, and other reactive substances.

• Handling: Use proper equipment and precautions to avoid exposure, as benzene is toxic and carcinogenic.

Product Specifications:

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Inventory 2-3 working days New manufacturing 7-10 working days