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Formic acid CAS#64-18-6

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Chemical Name：Formic acid

CAS No.:64-18-6

Molecular Formula：CH2O2

Molecular weight:46.03

Sample: Available

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Product Details

Products Description of Formic acid CAS#64-18-6

Formic acid is an important chemical raw material. It was first discovered by Fisher in 1670. A.S.Marggret first produced pure formic acid in 1749.

It was first discovered by distilling red ants, hence the name formic acid. Formic acid is widely found in nature, such as in the secretions of red ants, bees, caterpillars, etc., in the leaves and roots of plants, and in fruits. It is the simplest carboxylic acid. Compared with other fatty carboxylic acids, it has a special structure and is more acidic. It is a colorless, transparent, pungent, fuming liquid with a molecular formula of HCOOH. Relative molecular mass 46.03. Relative density 1.2196. Melting point 8.4℃. Freezing point 7℃. Boiling point 100.7℃, 50℃ (15.999×103Pa). Refractive index 1.3714.

Flash point 68.9℃. Viscosity 1.784mPa·s. Ignition point 410℃. Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, etc. It forms a high-boiling binary azeotrope with water, containing 77.5% of this product, with an azeotropic point of 107.3°C, which is higher than the boiling points of pure water and pure formic acid. The carbonyl group of this product is directly connected to hydrogen, so that formic acid has both the characteristics of acid and some properties of aldehyde.

Formic acid Chemical Properties

Melting point	8.2-8.4 °C (lit.)
Boiling point	100-101 °C (lit.)
density	1.22 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density	1.03 (vs air)
vapor pressure	52 mm Hg ( 37 °C)
refractive index	n20/D 1.377
FEMA	2487 \| FORMIC ACID
Fp	133 °F
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	H2O: soluble1g/10 mL, clear, colorless
pka	3.75(at 20℃)
form	Liquid
Specific Gravity	1.216 (20℃/20℃)
color	APHA: ≤15
PH	3.47(1 mM solution);2.91(10 mM solution);2.38(100 mM solution);
Odor	at 0.10 % in water. pungent vinegar formyl
Odor Type	acetic
explosive limit	12-38%(V)
Water Solubility	MISCIBLE
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
λmax	λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.03 λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck	14,4241
JECFA Number	79
BRN	1209246
Henry's Law Constant	At 25 °C: 95.2, 75.1, 39.3, 10.7, and 3.17 at pH values of 1.35, 3.09, 4.05, 4.99, and 6.21, respectively (Hakuta et al., 1977)
Dielectric constant	58.0（16℃）
Exposure limits	TLV-TWA 5 ppm (～9 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 100 ppm (180 mg/m3) (NIOSH).
Stability:	Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and powdered metals, furfuryl alcohol. Combustible. Hygroscopic. Pressure may build up in tightly closed bottles, so bottles should be opened carefully and vented periodically.
InChIKey	BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	-0.540
CAS DataBase Reference	64-18-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	Formic acid(64-18-6)
EPA Substance Registry System	Formic acid (64-18-6)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	T,C,Xi
Risk Statements	23/24/25-34-40-43-35-36/38-10
Safety Statements	36/37-45-26-23-36/37/39
RIDADR	UN 1198 3/PG 3
WGK Germany	2
RTECS	LP8925000
F	10
Autoignition Temperature	1004 °F
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	8
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29151100
Hazardous Substances Data	64-18-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity	LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 1100 orally; 145 i.v. (Malorny)
IDLA	30 ppm

Product Application of Formic acid CAS#64-18-6

Formic acid is one of the basic organic chemical raw materials, widely used in pesticides, leather, textiles, printing and dyeing, medicine and rubber industries, etc. It can also be used to make various solvents, plasticizers, rubber coagulants, animal feed additives and new processes for synthesizing insulin, etc.

In my country's formic acid consumption, the pharmaceutical industry accounts for about 45%, the chemical industry accounts for about 30%, and other sectors such as light industry and textiles account for about 25%. Formic acid is one of my country's important export chemical products. At present, all formic acid production in my country adopts the sodium formate method.

Formic acid is often used as a cheap, less volatile and corrosive substitute for inorganic acids, and is widely used in the light industry. In the textile and printing and dyeing industries, formic acid is used as an agent to eliminate nitrous acid gas produced by the sodium nitrite method of indicot, a dyeing auxiliary for weak acid dyes and neutral complex dyes, and an auxiliary for dyeing nylon with reactive dyes.

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