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Application of tannic acid, how much do you know?
Tannic acid belongs to hydrolyzed tannins, which can be hydrolyzed to acid and glucose. It is one of the earliest studied tannins and has strong biological and pharmacological activities. Tannic acid is mainly rich in plants such as Chinese five seeds, Turkish seeds, tara pods, pomegranates, sumac leaves, sumac, and witch hazel trees. Among them, Wuzi is a special forest product in China, which is mainly distributed in Qinling Mountains, Bashan Mountains, Wudang Mountains and other regions with unique climate and soil conditions.
What is tannic acid?
Tannic acid is an unique form of tannin as well as a polyphenol. Its weak acidity (pKa is about 6) results from a lot of phenolic teams in its framework. The chemical formula of commercial tannic acid is generally C76H52O46, which represents decagalloyl glucose, yet in fact it is a combination of polyglycidyl glucose or polyglycidyl quinoate and also gallic acid number. The part of each molecule varies from 2 to 12, depending upon the plant source utilized to remove tannic acid. Business tannins are normally removed from any one of the following plant components: tara capsules, gallnuts from lacquer trees or Quercus infectia or Sicilian lacquer leaves.
According to the meanings of external referrals such as the International Pharmacopoeia, the Codex Alimentarius, and the FAO – WHO monograph on tannin, just tannins drawn out from the above plants can be considered as tannin. Often the extract of chestnut or oak is also described as tannin, however this is the incorrect use of the term. It is a yellow to light brown amorphous powder.
Although tannic acid is an unique kind of tannin (plant polyphenol), both terms can in some cases (mistakenly) be utilized interchangeably. The long-lasting abuse of these terms as well as their look in academic short articles have actually exacerbated the confusion. This is particularly common in green tea and also black tea, both of which contain many different sorts of tannins, not simply tannins.
Tannic acid is not the suitable requirement for tannin evaluation of any kind of type, due to the fact that its structure is not clearly specified.
The effect of tannic acid
Anti-wrinkle effect
As we age, the collagen in the skin cross-links and the structure becomes firmer and less elastic. Elastin is the most important fibrous protein to maintain skin elasticity. The decline or denaturation of its content is the main reason for the formation of skin wrinkles. Tannin can promote cell metabolism, maintain the vitality of elastin, and keep the skin healthy, shiny and elastic.
Resist UV rays
Tannin is a kind of natural substance that has a strong absorption in the ultraviolet light area. Tannin is called a “ultraviolet filter” and has an absorption rate of more than 98% for ultraviolet rays. It is effective for sunburn and various pigmentation. It has obvious defense effect.
Whitening effect
The color of the skin is mainly determined by the content of melanin. Tannin can reduce and decolorize melanin, and can also effectively remove active oxygen, so tannin has a comprehensive whitening effect.
Moisturizing effect
The healthy appearance of the skin depends on the moisture content of the stratum corneum, and chronic dehydration can lead to rough skin and the formation of wrinkles. The molecular structure of tannin contains a large number of hydrophilic groups — phenolic hydroxyl groups. It is easy to absorb moisture in the air, so it has a moisturizing effect.
Antiseptic effect
Tannin has obvious inhibitory ability to a variety of bacteria, fungi and microorganisms, and at the same inhibitory concentration, it will not affect the growth and development of human cells. Tannin also has unique antioxidant properties, which can effectively resist biological oxidation and remove active oxygen, so tannin can effectively inhibit bacteria and have health care and antiseptic effects.
The function of commercial tannins as well as medicinal tannins
Tannic acid is primarily utilized as a mordant in dyeing, as well as is also used to prepare gallic acid as well as pyrogallic acid. It can also be made use of to manufacture leather tanning agents, rubber coagulants, healthy protein as well as alkaloid precipitation agents, as well as to determine beryllium, aluminum, nickel, Reagents for steels such as copper. The light yellow to light brown amorphous powder acquired by evaporating and also drying out the water extract of gallnut is industrial tannic acid, which includes more than 80% tannic acid, and also includes a small amount of gallic acid, metagallic acid, as well as trigallic acid. Acid and also pentaacylglucose, and so on. Tannic acid is based upon 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-2-poly-O-galloyl- β-D sugar as the core, and also is composed of 1 particle of sugar incorporated with 8 to 9 gallic acids made esters. Tannic acid is quickly hydrolyzed by acid or enzyme, as well as the hydrolyzed items are gallic acid as well as sugar.
